By Abbey White, Staff Writer, SatNews
Dispatch from SmallSat Symposium. Coverage and analysis from across the conference, tracking the forces shaping the next phase of the SmallSat market.
MOUNTAIN VIEW. The era of the slide-deck billionaire is dead. Attendees entering the Small Satellites: Trends and Opportunities session expecting standard futurism about connecting the unconnected or democratizing the stars were likely disappointed. The mood at SmallSat Symposium has shifted from gold-rush optimism to the cold calculus of a fortress under construction.
For years this industry thrived on the promise of cheap capital and Silicon Valley’s move-fast-and-break-things ethos. That narrative has collapsed as a starker reality has emerged: The U.S. government is no longer just a customer. It has become the market’s anchor tenant, safety net, predominant funder, and primary driver of innovation.
Charlotte Kiang, a principal at Boston Consulting Group, summarized this pivot with the morning’s most critical statistic. By 2034 defense satellites will likely comprise only 9% of orbital volume but will account, Kiang noted, for 48% of the satellite spend.
Nearly half the industry’s revenue, that is, will originate from less than a tenth of the hardware. The message to founders and investors was implicit but deafening: those not building for the Pentagon will be fighting for scraps.
The Dual-Use Mandate
The panel, moderated by Astroscale’s Janna Lewis, confronted this marketplace militarization. “Dual use” was once a convenient buzzword to justify government grants for commercial tech. That script has flipped so that now the business model presupposes defense funding with spillover applications possible for commercial use.
Brett Loubert, leading U.S. Space practice at Deloitte, highlighted that government no longer wants to build exclusive, exquisite systems but intends instead to consume commercial data to augment classified missions. This integration introduces a terrifying caveat that is largely ignored by the commercial sector: cybersecurity. Terrestrial data centers undergo exhaustive audits, Loubert noted, but satellites fly naked.
“Satellites operate like computers in space and they largely have no cyber protections on orbit,” Loubert said.
This represents the new barrier to entry. Getting to orbit is insufficient. To capture a share of that 48% defense outlay, companies must prove they can survive a cyberwar. Launching a CubeSat with a Raspberry Pi and a prayer is no longer a viable strategy.
The Starlink Shadow
SpaceX loomed over the discussion. The Starlink constellation has achieved a scale and vertical integration that effectively closes the door on copycats. Armand Musey, a valuation expert with Summit Ridge Group, dismissed the notion that the market can support multiple mega-constellations.
“I might take exception with the idea that we have competition,” Musey said.
He noted that insufficient launch capacity exists to support the millions of satellites some engineers project in presentations. Starlink’s hegemony forces the rest of the market into a difficult position. Without the ability to replicate SpaceX, companies must find alternatives.
Abhishek Tripathi from UC-Berkeley offered the only viable strategy: specialized, high-quality craftsmanship. “Sometimes the best way to make money and develop a business is to zag while everyone else is zigging,” Tripathi said.
Major players focus so heavily on mass production, he argued, that that they lose the ability to service high-priority niche missions. Yet, Musey countered, even this boutique approach faces headwinds: a boutique shop might make a nice little business, but it will not move the needle in a rapidly industrializing sector.
The Industrial Reality
Discussion ultimately returned to survival logistics. The industry faces a manufacturing catch-up crisis. The research brief accompanying the session highlighted an ossified if not obsolescent mid-stream supply chain. Due to Chinese export bans, manufacturers are running out of Hall thrusters and Gallium Arsenide for solar cells.
“You can’t beat a good propulsion system,” Loubert said.
This moment grounded the discussion. Visionaries discuss orbital data centers and lunar economies, but operators worry about sourcing enough krypton or hardened electronics to finish satellites that the Space Development Agency already purchased.
The European Disconnect
The contrast between the U.S. approach and the rest of the world was stark. The U.S. model, driven by the Space Development Agency’s proliferated architecture, forces commercial companies to adapt to military timelines.
Musey contrasted this with European efforts to replicate the model through subsidies rather than contracts. He argued that while commercial procurement in the U.S. has birthed giants like SpaceX, similar efforts in Europe often waste money on systems that are obsolete before their construction begins.
The Verdict
The SmallSat Renaissance is over; the Industrial Revolution has begun. The winners of the next decade will not be the companies with the best slide decks. They will be the companies capable of delivering reliable, cyber-hardened hardware at scale to the U.S. military. As the session closed, the takeaway was clear. The playground represents the past. The fortress represents the future. In Mountain View, the smart money is heading for the bunker.